New Releases by Ziyi Zhang

Since its emergence in the 1980s, nanoscience and nanotechnology research areas are rapidly expanding. It contributes to a broad range of fields from chemistry, physics, biology, and materials science to various engineering. Nowadays, nanomaterials have already come into almost every field of our lives, such as electronics, energy converting and storage, and biomedicines. Especially, after graphene was discovered in 2004, two-dimensional (2D) materials attracted an increased interest. There is a boost in the research on controlling nanostructures and manipulating their properties. The bottom-up approach using individual atoms and molecules as building blocks to construct nanoscale materials and structures offers an opportunity to create new 2D structures or phases that don''t exist in the bulk. A generic synthetic method with structure control and property engineering is highly desired for exploring 2D materials'' unique properties. The air-water interface is an ideal 2D environment for the controllable synthesis of 2D materials. By employing a monolayer of self-assembled ionized amphiphilic molecules as a soft template at the air-water interface, 2D nanocrystals form in the electrical double-layer confined region and grow epitaxially directed by soft template packings. Therefore, this synthesis technique was named the ionic layer epitaxy (ILE). This dissertation focuses on the study of this 2D materials synthesis system at the air-water interface, including the growth kinetics and mechanism investigations, facet and thickness control, element and defect manipulation, and the advanced application of these 2D materials in electrochemical, physical and biological fields.

To realize the evaluation and hierarchical management of the meta-competency of the bid evaluation experts, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of bid evaluation expert meta-competence by referring to relevant literature and consulting expert opinions. By judging the importance of the indicators and investigating the characteristics of the evaluation experts, the virtual evaluation experts consistent with the actual situation are generated for empirical analysis. The results show that the evaluation index system can realize the meta-competence evaluation of bid evaluation experts, and classify the bid evaluation experts through clustering, which meets the practical needs of warehousing hierarchical management.