New Releases by Stephen Jay Gould

Un livre dérangeant! Ne respectant décidément aucune idée reçue, Gould s''en prend ici à notre image d''une nature dont l''histoire serait régie par une logique de progrès. L''évolution, montre-t-il, n''est pas cette inéluctable marche vers une complexité et une subtilité croissante qui, partant des formes les plus simples, culminerait triomphalement par l''apparition de ce chef-d''œuvre, l''Homme. C''est en vérité la notion de progrès dans toute sa généralité qui est mise à l''épreuve par cet essai original. certainement l''une des oeuvres majeures de l''auteur et une importante contribution à la culture contemporaine. A l''aide d''exemples tirés des sciences naturelles (grandeur et décadence des chevaux), de son expérience personnelle (sa lutte victorieuse contre une maladie grave) et de l''histoire sportive (la prétendue baisse de niveau du base-ball), Gould nous montre l''impossibilité d''interpréter correctement l''évolution de tout phénomène si l''on ne prend en compte tout l''éventail de ses variations. Ainsi, réduire l''histoire de la vie à celle des organismes les plus complexes est gravement méconnaître la nature même de la théorie de l''évolution, et la portée radicale de la vision darwinienne. La forme de vie dominante sur Terre (et peut-être ailleurs?) est, a toujours été et restera, celle des bactéries. L''apparition d''une vie intelligente et consciente n''était ni nécessaire, ni prévisible. Loin de nous décevoir, cette contingence de l''existence humaine, ainsi révélée par la science, ne fait qu''en rehausser la grandeur.

More than two hundred maps, diagrams, and reconstructions assist in tracing the geology of the Earth from the Big Bang to the evolution of humans

In this tour-de-force of scientific and cultural insight, Gould discusses the history of life, of music, sport and other human achievements in his search for the meaning of excellence.

Stephen Jay Gould s''est imposé à la fois comme l''un des meilleurs paléontologues américains d''aujourd''hui et comme l''un de nos plus grands vulgarisateurs scientifiques. Un hérisson dans la tempête continue et amplifie la réflexion entreprise sur les sciences elles-mêmes et sur l''histoire de la vie. Dans la lignée du Pouce du Panda, il nous ouvre, avec esprit et verve, la perspective d''un évolutionnisme qui s''efforce de comprendre l''histoire dans ce qu''elle a d''irréductiblement contingent, mais aussi d''accessible à la raison. Le vieil aphorisme attribué à Archiloque dit: "Le renard sait beaucoup de choses, mais le hérisson sait quelque chose d''important". Le premier incarne la souplesse face à la complexité et à la diversité de notre monde, le second la cohérence. C''est cette double approche que Stephen Jay Gould préconise pour expliquer le devenir du vivant, tout en appréciant la diversité sous toutes ses formes, et pour éviter un rationalisme réducteur qui risque d''entraîner dans le piège de rêveries dangereuses.

This collection of essays, published to celebrate the 150th anniversary of Scientific American, covers the themes of discovery, understanding, technological capability, and optimism. It explores in detail the following topics: the birth of the universe; the emergence of life; and the future.

Biology/Natural History.

Here are Purcell''s wonderfully exotic photographs of teeth and other human artifacts from the collection of Peter the Great; moles, pigs, and dogs from van Heurn''s many boxes of perfectly preserved skins; and all manner of preserved life from Rothschild''s Birds of Paradise to the fish of Agassiz.

Presenting the compelling story of life on earth, this book brings together the latest findings in evolutionary science. The drawings include reconstructions of creatures long extinct, seen in their own habitat. The contributors include Peter Andrews, a leading palaeontologist at the Natural History Museum; Michael Benton, a leading expert on mammal evolution; Christopher Stringer, an expert on mammal evolution and Jack Sepkoski, who teaches and researches early life forms at Chicago.

"Gould is a natural writer; he has something to say and the inclination and skill with which to say it." —P. B. Medawar, New York Review of Books With sales of well over one million copies in North America alone, the commercial success of Gould''s books now matches their critical acclaim. The Panda''s Thumb will introduce a new generation of readers to this unique writer, who has taken the art of the scientific essay to new heights. Were dinosaurs really dumber than lizards? Why, after all, are roughly the same number of men and women born into the world? What led the famous Dr. Down to his theory of mongolism, and its racist residue? What do the panda''s magical "thumb" and the sea turtle''s perilous migration tell us about imperfections that prove the evolutionary rule? The wonders and mysteries of evolutionary biology are elegantly explored in these and other essays by the celebrated natural history writer Stephen Jay Gould.

Provides information on developments in evolutionary theory, discussing such topics as the Cambrian population explosion, Velikovsky''s theories, and others.

A noted paleontologist provides the text for this photographic study of eight different collections--from a collection of human artifacts belonging to Peter the Great to Agassy''s fish collection--exploring what collections say about collectors.

"[An] extraordinary book. . . . Mr. Gould is an exceptional combination of scientist and science writer. . . . He is thus exceptionally well placed to tell these stories, and he tells them with fervor and intelligence."—James Gleick, New York Times Book Review High in the Canadian Rockies is a small limestone quarry formed 530 million years ago called the Burgess Shale. It hold the remains of an ancient sea where dozens of strange creatures lived—a forgotten corner of evolution preserved in awesome detail. In this book Stephen Jay Gould explores what the Burgess Shale tells us about evolution and the nature of history.

Examines the Scopes trial concerning the teaching of evolution in public schools, its outcome, and the implications for the continuing debate between evolutionists and creationists.

This stunning volume features forty-nine of Church''s most significant paintings and investigates the artistic, scientific, and philosophical influences behind his greatest creations. Published with the National Gallery of Art.

Examines scientific theories pertaining to the measurement of earth''s history.

Before Darwinism was generally accepted, the natural world was thought to be structured according to the chain of being. Evolutionary theories have revolutionized this imperialistic view, and the process we now know as natural selection explains a great many mysteries to us. One such enigma is the flamingo''s smile, which is a perfect example of the way in which function (in this case feeding in saline lakes) and form (the inverted beak that enables the flamingo to feed more successfully) are inseparable.

"Cerion has been described by its leading student W.J. Clench as ''the most difficult genus of pulmonate mollusks to classify.'' No other pulmonate genus shows greater diversity of form; moreover, almost all these divergent morphologies hybridize at their areas of geographic contact. The result is a taxonomic morass that has effectively debarred fruitful biological work on these fascinating snails. The taxonomy of New Providence Island is the most elaborate for the entire genus; more than 90 species of Cerion have been designated, and the distribution of existing names makes no geographic or ecological sense. We use morphometric and genetic techniques to conclude that the living Cerion of New Providence reduce to two semispecies, C. glans (the ribby morphotype) and C gubernatorium (the mottled morphotype). Traces of an extinct C. agassizi line (a prominent taxon of fossil dunes) survive as introgressions into C. gubernatorium populations of southeastern New Providence. These two groups form the basis of Cerion faunas throughout the northern Bahamas; their separation and recognition provide a key to resolving Cerion''s taxonomy both here and elsewhere. Ribby and mottled morphotypes are recurrently evolved ''developmental packages, '' not homologous taxa from place to place -- thereby illustrating the importance of developmental channeling in parallel evolution. We base our taxonomic decision upon a conciliance among many independent criteria. Geographic distribution: parental morphotypes occupy their expected positions, with narrow hybrid zones at predicted points of transition. Morphology of parental populations: differences between ribby and mottled are not simple consequences of one minor alteration in growth, but summed results of several independent covariance sets. Morphotypes differ consistently in amounts of variation and patterns of covariance. Hybrid populations: we find both enhanced variation and patterns of covariance based on developmental disturbance never before detected in parental populations of Cerion. Genetics: samples grouped by frequencies of electromorphs yield the same clusters of ribby and mottled populations specified by morphology. Morphotypes can be distinguished by allele frequencies, while hybrid populations contain rare alleles found in neither parental taxon. The genetic hybrid zone is wider than the morphological zone and asymmetric about it. An appendix allocates all previously named taxa, and resolves the status of 19 designated fossil taxa, plus a new species (Cerion clenchi), into three successive faunas, marking waves of migration correlated with rise and fall of Pleistocene seas"--Page 391

A startling, stunning, entertaining vision of the animal world past and present, with insights into its implications for us today. 69 full-color photographs and 4 black and white.