Most Popular Books by James A. Robinson

James A. Robinson is the author of 自由的窄廊 (2020), Por Qué Fracasan Los Países (2014), El pasillo estrecho (2019), O corredor estreito (2022), Ulusların Düşüşü (2025).

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自由的窄廊

release date: Jan 21, 2020
自由的窄廊
解答人類政治史上最大難題的偉大之書。──賈德.戴蒙 ,《槍炮、病菌與鋼鐵》作者 問題已經不只是「國家為什麼會失敗」,而是居然有國家能成功。 *** 為什麼有些國家能保障自由,有些國家卻宰割公民?還有些國家徒具形式,根本無法有效治理? 自由,意謂不受他人力量宰制,無須時時生活在恐懼之中。可是,綜觀人類歷史數千年,自由十分罕見。多數時候,強者為所欲為,弱者任憑宰割。理當維持秩序的國家機器若非不存在,就是淪為壓迫的幫兇。為什麼會這樣? 艾塞默魯與羅賓森教授回顧古今中外,引領讀者走訪一個又一個文明故事。從雅典城邦、阿拉伯與中東、非洲、夏威夷與大洋洲、前蘇聯、歐洲、中國與美國。兩位作者主張:國家機器強,社會更要強,互相制衡,踏入「窄廊」,自由才有保障。 本書結合兩位最優秀的政治與經濟學家,奠基於多年原創研究,建構一套清晰、具體的政治經濟學模型。非常適合回應當前全球關心的重大課題: ◆ 如何約束國家機器、進入通往自由的窄廊?這是西方國家的專利嗎? ◆ 具有中國特色的自由,是自由嗎?專制國家締造經濟榮景後,能夠回頭保障公民自由嗎?數位極權國家崛起,會終結自由秩序嗎? ◆ 國家在什麼狀況下無法繼續保障自由?國家機器失控,還是社會癱瘓國家?美國有可能成為下一個失去自由的國度嗎?臺灣呢? 不折不扣的大歷史分析,民主起源論最精彩的一說。──朱敬一(中央研究院院士、特聘研究員) 本書特色 民主在退潮,自由在崩壞,身處動盪的時代, 馴服國家機器、保障公民自由的關鍵究竟何在? 《國家為什麼會失敗》作者 跨越千年政治、經濟與歷史, 解答人類歷史上最大的政治難題。 作者簡介 戴倫.艾塞默魯(Daron Acemoglu) 麻省理工學院經濟學教授,曾任教於倫敦政經學院。2005年獲頒克拉克獎章(John Bates Clark Medal),這個獎專為四十歲以下對經濟學思想與知識有重大貢獻的經濟學家而設,是僅次於諾貝爾經濟學獎的榮耀,也是未來最熱門的諾貝爾獎人選。2016年再獲BBVA基金會前沿知識獎(BBVA Frontiers of Knowledge Award),表彰他在經濟、財務金融與管理學上的傑出貢獻。艾塞默魯是全球經濟學文獻引用次數最多的前十名經濟學者,他的論文產量驚人,是經濟學界最猛悍的新秀。 詹姆斯.羅賓森(James A. Robinson) 芝加哥大學哈里斯公共政策學院教授,既是政治學家也是經濟學家。他是世界知名的非洲與拉丁美洲專家,目前在玻利維亞、剛果、獅子山共和國、海地與哥倫比亞各國皆主持研究計畫,每年夏季會在哥倫比亞首都波哥大的安地斯大學授課。 譯者簡介 劉道捷 臺灣大學外國語文學系畢業,曾任國內財經專業報紙國際新聞中心主任,現為專職譯者,譯作等身,包括《大逃稅》、《世界不平等報告2018》、《這才是價值投資》等,曾獲中國時報、聯合報年度十大好書獎及其他獎項。

Por Qué Fracasan Los Países

release date: Jun 10, 2014
Por Qué Fracasan Los Países
¿Qué determina que un país sea rico o pobre? ¿Cómo se explica que, en condiciones similares, en algunos países haya hambrunas y en otros no? ¿Qué papel tiene la política en estas cuestiones? Que algunas naciones sean más prósperas que otras, ¿se debe a cuestiones culturales?, ¿a los efectos de la climatología?, ¿a su ubicación geográfica? No, en absoluto. Ninguna cuestión relativa a la prosperidad de un país está relacionada con estos factores, sino que proviene de otro mucho más tangible: la política económica que dictaminan sus dirigentes. Son los líderes de cada país, afirman los reconocidos profesores Daron Acemoglu y James A. Robinson en este libro, quienes determinan con sus políticas la prosperidad de su territorio, y así ha ocurrido en todos los períodos de la historia, como demuestran en este apasionante estudio.

El pasillo estrecho

release date: Oct 22, 2019
El pasillo estrecho
La libertad no es el orden natural de la humanidad. En la mayoría de lugares y de épocas, los fuertes han dominado a los débiles y la libertad ha sido aplastada por la fuerza o por las costumbres y las normas. A menudo los Estados no han tenido la suficiente capacidad para proteger a los individuos o, por el contrario, han sido tan fuertes que la gente no ha podido defenderse de su despotismo. La libertad sólo surge cuando se logra un equilibrio delicado y frágil entre el Estado y la sociedad. El pasillo que lleva a la libertad es estrecho y sólo puede recorrerse si se produce una lucha constante entre el Estado y la sociedad. Pero, ¿en qué consiste esa lucha? En un recorrido fascinante que nos lleva del mundo árabe en tiempos de Mahoma a las ciudades-Estado de la Italia medieval, de la Latinoamérica de las dictaduras a la Suecia que inventó la socialdemocracia, de la caótica República de Weimar a la China imperial, El pasillo estrecho nos introduce en el que tal vez sea el proceso más fascinante de la historia: el de la obtención de la libertad. Una libertad que solo puede existir cuando la sociedad cuestiona el poder del Estado y de las élites, pero también cuando, al mismo tiempo, existe un Estado robusto capaz de defender nuestros derechos cuando estos se ven amenazados.

O corredor estreito

release date: Apr 14, 2022
O corredor estreito
Inédito no Brasil, O corredor estreito estuda as condições necessárias para que os países vejam o nascimento da liberdade — ou sua extinção. Após o sucesso de Por que as nações fracassam, best-seller do The New York Times, os renomados economistas Daron Acemoglu e James A. Robinson fazem um levantamento das formas que a relação entre sociedade e Estado podem tomar a partir de uma base elementar: a liberdade — ou a ausência dela. No centro de sua teoria, explicam que a liberdade só é mantida por meio de um embate constante entre a população e quem a governa. Se um Estado forte é necessário para conter a violência, impor a ordem, fomentar a prosperidade econômica e oferecer meios para que a população possa seguir os caminhos que escolher, é igualmente importante uma sociedade forte e mobilizada para controlar e limitar os excessos do poder estatal. A liberdade é rara: no jogo de poder que a estabelece, a vontade individual encontra seu limite no outro, e os dois lados precisam ter forças equivalentes para que floresça. Há, porém, exemplos na história em que a tensão dá espaço ao diálogo, e o que antes era um campo de batalha se torna um corredor estreito que tanto a sociedade quanto o Estado podem trilhar em sua cooperação para pavimentá-lo. Em tempos de incertezas e instabilidade — em que o corredor estreito da liberdade corre o risco de se tornar um atalho para a ruína —, a genialidade de Acemoglu e Robinson constrói neste livro os caminhos pelos quais sociedade e Estado podem colaborar para o desenvolvimento mútuo.

Ulusların Düşüşü

release date: Apr 24, 2025
Ulusların Düşüşü
Güç, zenginlik ve yoksulluğun kökenleri "Tarih, kaderden ibaret değildir!" Ulusların Düşüşü, tarih boyunca ulusların, özellikle de birbirine benzeyen ulusların ekonomik ve politik gelişmeleri arasında neden büyük farklılıklar olduğuna dair bir tartışma yürütüyor. Yazarlar kısaca "Neden bazı ülkeler zenginken bazıları yoksuldur?" şeklinde bir soru ortaya atıp, köleci toplumlar, feodalizm, sömürgecilik, kapitalizm ve sosyalizm uygulamaları arasında ilginç ve çok öğretici bir yolculuğa çıkıyorlar. Sömürgeler, koloniler, devrimler ve kurtuluş hareketlerinin gölgesi, günümüze nasıl düşüyor... Sanayi Devrimi, neden Moldovya''da değil de İngiltere''de başladı... Kara Ölüm denilen Veba, kralları, lordları, serfleri nasıl etkiledi... Toplumların elitleri ile en alttakiler arasında değişen ve değişmeyen ilişki biçimleri hangileridir... Ulusların Düşüşü, dünyaya bakışınızı ve kavrayışınızı değiştirecek.

La strettoia

release date: Jun 25, 2020
La strettoia
"«Chi si allontana dal gruppo è preda del falco» recita un proverbio del popolo ashanti: il mondo è crudele e i forti hanno sempre oppresso i deboli con la violenza. In assenza di un''autorità centrale l''unica protezione è rifugiarsi in una gabbia – spesso opprimente – di norme, tradizioni e alleanze tra clan. Viceversa, uno Stato forte può proteggere gli individui, ma rischia di mutarsi in un mostro, in una dittatura oppressiva. Per gran parte della storia umana, in ogni luogo e tempo, la libertà non è stata qualcosa di scontato e naturale, ma una conquista sofferta ottenuta solo imboccando una vera e propria strettoia. Questo corridoio virtuoso esiste quando i poteri dello Stato e della società sono in equilibrio: quando le istituzioni sono forti, in grado di fornire servizi e far rispettare le leggi; e quando, al tempo stesso, i cittadini hanno la capacità di tenere sotto controllo e chiamare in causa le autorità. La strettoia analizza il modo in cui le nazioni sono riuscite a bilanciare queste due forze in equilibrio precario. Ripercorre la via attraverso cui alcune sono entrate nel corridoio della libertà e altre ne sono rimaste fuori o ne sono dolorosamente uscite. Esplora la storia della democrazia in Grecia, della nascita degli Stati Uniti e di quella delle nazioni create da Maometto e Shaka a partire da terre e popoli divisi. Traccia le origini di un''Europa dai molteplici centri di potere e di una Cina dominata da un''autorità centrale, con i loro percorsi drammaticamente diversi. Indaga le radici del fallimento di molte rivoluzioni nel Medio Oriente e delle speranze per il futuro dell''Africa. Dopo il best seller Perché le nazioni falliscono, Acemoglu e Robinson aggiungono un nuovo tassello fondamentale al loro grande mosaico che ritrae la storia delle società umane. E ci ricordano, oggi più che mai, che la libertà non è dovuta, ma è una vittoria che dipende da un fragile equilibrio di forze, in bilico tra il caos e l''oppressione."

Perché le nazioni falliscono

release date: Jan 01, 2013

Gleichgewicht der Macht

release date: Nov 27, 2019
Gleichgewicht der Macht
Von den Wirtschaftsnobelpreisträgern 2024 Wie viel Staat muss sein? Nach dem internationalen Bestseller »Warum Nationen scheitern?« widmen sich Starökonom Daron Acemoglu und Harvard-Politologe James A. Robinson in ihrem neuen Buch dieser fundamentalen Frage. Auseinandersetzungen zwischen rivalisierenden Milizen in Libyen, Einschränkung der Presse- und Demonstrationsfreiheit in der Türkei, Umerziehungslager in Nordkorea. Gegenwärtig erleben wir viele Staaten als problematisch: sie sind entweder gescheitert, überreguliert oder despotisch. Aber wie viel Staat ist denn eigentlich notwendig? Die Autoren geben hierauf eine überraschende und provokante Antwort. Anhand zahlreicher historischer und aktueller Beispiele – vom antiken Griechenland über Deutschland im Nationalsozialismus bis zum heutigen China – zeigen sie: Wohlstand, Sicherheit und Freiheit sind in hohem Maße von dem richtigen Rahmen abhängig, in dem der ewige Kampf um Macht zwischen Staat und Gesellschaft ausgetragen wird. Eine überzeugende Analyse, die demonstriert: Ein starker Staat und eine starke Gesellschaft sind kein Widerspruch, sondern bedingen sich gegenseitig.

尤金·奥尼尔和东方思想

release date: Jan 01, 1997

Vì sao các quốc gia thất bại

Vì sao các quốc gia thất bại
Sử dụng lịch sử Đông-Tây kim-cổ đã diễn ra trên tất cả các châu lục của trái đất này, hai tác giả lập luận rằng những quốc gia thất bại là những đất nước bị cai trị bởi một nhóm quyền thế tập trung, và những nhóm này đã tổ chức xã hội để phục vụ cho quyền lợi riêng của họ trong khi đại đa số quần chúng nhân dân phải trả giá. Thế lực chính trị bị tập trung trong một nhóm nhỏ, được sử dụng để tạo ra tài sản khổng lồ cho những người nắm giữ quyền lực. Trong khi đó, những nước trở nên giàu có là vì người dân nước đó lật đổ giới quyền thế, những người kiểm soát quyền lực, và tạo ra một xã hội trong đó các quyền chính trị được phân phối rộng rãi, trong đó chính phủ có trách nhiệm giải trình và phải đáp ứng trước công dân, và trong đó đại đa số quần chúng có thể tranh thủ các cơ hội kinh tế. Tóm lại, điều cuốn sách muốn nhắm đến là thể chế nào có những điều chỉnh, cải cách để dung hợp được các lợi ích kinh tế-chính trị và tạo điều kiện cho người dân làm ăn sinh sống được tốt nhất sẽ thành công. Như sách đã chỉ ra, ngay như Trung Quốc, khi họ giải quyết được phần nào đó sự dung hợp này, họ đã có sự tăng trưởng thần kỳ. Và giờ đây họ vẫn tiếp tục giải quyết bài toán thể chế dung hợp của họ.

Earth 2 Vol. 3: Battle Cry (the New 52)

release date: Oct 14, 2014
Earth 2 Vol. 3: Battle Cry (the New 52)
Earth has been attacked! In the shadow of the dark forces more powerful than the planet has ever seen, the greatest superhumans have failed. Before all is lost, a new breed of heroes must unite and combat the insidious evil invading the Earth. Who can be trusted?

Starman - the Cosmic Omnibus 1

release date: Apr 14, 2020
Starman - the Cosmic Omnibus 1
The classic superhero series Starman, starring a Gen-X superhero, returns in this massive omnibus hardcover edition by James Robinson (Batman: Face the Face) and Tony Harris (Ex Machina). The superheroic legacy of Starman is renewed in these stories, in which Jack Knight--antiques collector and dealer--inherits the name and powers of his father''s old Starman identity from his older brother, who has been assassinated. Reluctantly adjusting to his role, Jack reinvents the look of Starman, ditching the traditional red and green in favor of black leather and aviator goggles. But Jack has inherited more than a heroic identity from his brother...he''s also gained a foe: the beautiful but mentally unbalanced Nash, daughter of the villain known as the Mist. Jack also must come to grips with the Shade, the morally ambiguous former villain who decides to become Jack''s mentor. Collects Starman issues #0-42, Starman Annual: Framing Sequence #1, Starman Annual: The Death of Prince Gavyn #1, Starman Annual: The Witch #1, The Shade #1-4, Starman Secret Files #1 and Power of Shazam #35-36.

The Shade

release date: Jan 01, 2013
The Shade
"After a brutal attempt on his life, the Shade leaves Opal City to learn which of the many people he has crossed are responsible. Joining forces with allies such as private detective Will von Hammer and teenaged vampire La Sangre, the Shade begins a centuries-spanning quest that takes him from Australia to Barcelona to London, facing off against lizard gods, celestial pharaohs, and even family members ..."--Page 4 of cover.

Trinity Vol. 4: the Search for Steve Trevor

release date: Jan 01, 2018
Trinity Vol. 4: the Search for Steve Trevor
"Superman created by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster, by special arrangement with the Jerry Siegel family; Batman created by Bob Kane with Bill Finger; Wonder Woman created by William Moulton Marston."

Prospérité, puissance et pauvreté

release date: Oct 15, 2015
Prospérité, puissance et pauvreté
Pourquoi certains pays sont-ils riches et d’autres pauvres ? Est-ce dû à la culture, au climat, à la géographie ? Ou est-ce le résultat de l’ignorance des dirigeants politiques ? Acemoglu et Robinson montrent à l’aide de nombreux exemples que ces réponses ne tiennent pas la route. L’histoire et l’analyse économique suggèrent une explication différente : c’est la présence ou l’absence de certaines institutions politiques et économiques qui assurent ou empêchent le progrès vers la prospérité. Des institutions «extractives» – protégeant les intérêts d’une élite puissante au dépens du bien commun – aux institutions «inclusives» – qui posent des limites à influence des puissants, éliminent la discrimination et favorisent l’innovation – le passage est parsemé d’obstacles. Acemoglu et Robinson les analysent en détail, s’appuyant sur un éventail impressionnant d’exemples, tirés de l’histoire de l’Empire romain, des cités-états mayas, de la Venise médiévale, de l’Union soviétique, de l’Amérique latine, de l’Afrique et des pays occidentaux. Ils élaborent ainsi une nouvelle synthèse de l’économie politique d’une pertinence indéniable pour les grands défis politiques et économiques d’aujourd’hui.

Почему одни страны богатые, а другие бедные

release date: Jan 01, 2016

Tarihin Dogal Deneyleri

release date: Mar 01, 2022

Tarihin Dogal Deneyleri Ciltli

release date: Mar 01, 2022

Democracy Does Cause Growth

release date: Jan 01, 2016

The Rise and Decline of General Laws of Capitalism

The Rise and Decline of General Laws of Capitalism
Thomas Piketty''s (2013) book, Capital in the 21st Century, follows in the tradition of the great classical economists, like Marx and Ricardo, in formulating general laws of capitalism to diagnose and predict the dynamics of inequality. We argue that general economic laws are unhelpful as a guide to understand the past or predict the future, because they ignore the central role of political and economic institutions, as well as the endogenous evolution of technology, in shaping the distribution of resources in society. We use regression evidence to show that the main economic force emphasized in Piketty''s book, the gap between the interest rate and the growth rate, does not appear to explain historical patterns of inequality (especially, the share of income accruing to the upper tail of the distribution). We then use the histories of inequality of South Africa and Sweden to illustrate that inequality dynamics cannot be understood without embedding economic factors in the context of economic and political institutions, and also that the focus on the share of top incomes can give a misleading characterization of the true nature of inequality. Keywords: Capitalism, Inequality, Institutions. JEL Classification: P16, P48, O20.

The Real Swing Voter's Curse

release date: Jan 01, 2009
The Real Swing Voter's Curse
A key idea in political economy is that policy is often tailored to voters who are not ideologically attached - swing voters. We show, however, that in political environments where political parties can use repression and violence to exclude voters from elections, they may optimally target the swing voters. This is because they anticipate that if they had to compete for the support of these voters, they would end up giving them a lot of policy favors. Hence in weakly institutionalized political environments swing voters are cursed rather than blessed. We illustrate the analysis with a discussion of recent political events in Zimbabwe.

The Indigenous Roots of Representative Democracy

release date: Jan 01, 2015
The Indigenous Roots of Representative Democracy
We document that rules for leadership succession in ethnic societies that antedate the modern state predict contemporary political regimes; leadership selection by election in indigenous societies is associated with contemporary representative democracy. The basic association, however, is conditioned on the relative strength of the indigenous groups within a country; stronger groups seem to have been able to shape national regime trajectories, weaker groups do not. This finding extends and qualifies a substantive qualitative literature, which has found in local democratic institutions of medieval Europe a positive impulse towards the development of representative democracy. It shows that contemporary regimes are shaped not only by colonial history and European influence; indigenous history also matters. For practitioners, our findings suggest that external reformers'' capacity for regime-building should not be exaggerated.

Non-Modernization

release date: Jan 01, 2021
Non-Modernization
Modernization theory is a cornerstone of much of political science, despite the mounting evidence against its predictions. In this paper, we argue that the theory''s failings are rooted in predictions that are not conditioned on history and cultural configurations. We outline a theory in which the interplay of the distribution of political power and cultural configurations lead to three distinct self-reinforcing paths of political development, with very different state-society relations, institutions, and economic structures. These are paths to Despotic, Absent and Shackled leviathans. The role of cultural configurations, made up of attributes in a society''s culture set, is critical in legitimizing the social arrangements in each path. For example, a Despotic Leviathan, as in China, cannot be understood without appreciating how Confucian culture has been used to bolster a worldview in which rulers are supposed to be virtuous and regular people are discouraged from political participation. We argued that this interpretation is not inherent to Confucian thought, but has to be understood as an endogenous outcome along the trajectory to the Despotic Leviathan. None of the three different paths we highlight support modernization theory. Under the Absent Leviathan, there is no economic modernization. Under the Despotic Leviathan, economic growth bolsters the existing regime and its supporting cultural configuration, with no tendency towards democracy or associate political changes. Under the Shackled Leviathan, there are dynamics leading to economic growth and political changes with greater bottom-up participation. Nevertheless, the causation does not go from the former to the latter, and these changes are critically dependent on cultural and political entrepreneurship in order to formulate and popularize new cultural configurations and institutionalize political changes.
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