New Releases by Ian Ross

Papers presented at the Constitutionalism in the Charter era conference, held at University of Western Ontario, on Sept. 12, 2003.

In the Dynamics of Political Crime, Jerrfrey Ian Ross provides the most comprehensive and contemporary discussion of the phenomenon of political crime- crimes committed both by and against the state- in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom during the past three decades. Written by a recognized critical criminologist, this volume develops a new theory of political crime and thoroughly reviews definitional and conceptual issues, and effects of different types of political crime. Ross discusses both violent and nonviolent oppositional crimes, as well as state crimes such as political corruption, illegal domestic surveillance, and human rights violations.

A judge hands down a stretch in a local, state, or federal prison. It’s time for some serious life lessons. With the crime rates soaring in the United States and the prison population growing faster than at any time in American history, staying alive and well—both mentally and physically—is tougher than ever. Behind Bars breaks down the bars on prison survival with a hard look at the realities of incarceration. Learn what it really takes to: • Avoid being sexually abused, stabbed, beaten, or even killed. • Identify deadly prison gangs. • Keep your own attorney from taking advantage of you. • Get edible food and stay as healthy as possible. • Learn the realities and untangle red tape of conjugal visits. • Successfully navigate the complex parole system. • Stay alive during a prison riot.

Compare the fuel efficiency of hybrid automobiles to conventional automobiles for an urban and a highway driving scenario. Overall, there are two main purposes for this study. One is to test whether the hybrid automobile, both in the virtual and real experiments, achieves a greater efficiency compared to a conventional automobile. The second is to determine if the control strategy behind a hybrid system significantly affects the fuel efficiency of the system.

Although many people consider excessive police violence disconcerting, if, when, and how they voice their opinion or respond by taking some sort of action has generally remained empirically unknown. In the hope of understanding this process, Ross has developed a four-stage model, based on a review of the literature and on interviews with the relevant actors. He then uses this tool to analyze police violence that occurred in Toronto, Canada and New York City, over a fifteen-year period. To better focus the study, he uses in-depth case studies of three well-publicized cases of police violence from each city, matched on important criteria. This study addresses a difficult, timely, and important topic for victims, for police personnel, and for society. Ross concludes that, in general, most individuals do not respond to police use of excessive force; further, if and when they do usually depends on the context of the violence. Using both quantitative and qualitative methods, Ross''s model integrates a variety of approaches to improve our understanding of how communities come to define and control the use of force by police, including literature on the role of media efforts and their impact upon police violence. The work concludes with an analysis of the reasons why people react so infrequently to incidents of excessive force.

Academic research on state crime has focused on the illegal actions of individuals and organizations (i.e., syndicates and corporations). Interchangeably labeled governmental crime, delinquency, illegality, or lawlessness, official deviance and misconduct, crimes of obedience, and human rights violations, state crime has largely been considered in relation to insurgent violence or threats to national security. Generally, it has been seen as a phenomenon endemic to authoritarian countries in transitional and lesser developed contexts. We need look no further than today''s headlines to see the evidence of state crime. Rwanda, where government troops massacred countless Hutus and Tutsis, governmental atrocities in Kosovo, at the hands of the Yugoslavian Army, and East Timor where both individuals and property have been decimated, largely perpetrated by the Indonesian military. The study of how to control state crime has been difficult. There are definitional, conceptual, theoretical, and methodological problems, as well as difficulties in designing of practical methods to abolish, combat, control or resist this type of behavior. Jeffrey Ian Ross reviews these shortcomings, then develops a preliminary model of ways to control state crime. His intention is stimulating scholarly research and debate, but also encouraging progressive-minded policymakers and practitioners who work for governmental and nongovernmental organizations. The hope is that they will reflect upon the methods they advocate or use to minimize state transgressions. This new edition will be of compelling interest to students of political science and criminology, as well as general readers interested in human rights, state crime, and world affairs.

State crimes include cover-ups, corruption, disinformation, unaccountability, violations of a domestic and/or international law and other broadly harmful practices committed under the authority of governments or their officials. This new anthology identifies the most frequent and harmful expressions of state criminality, and evaluates the success of atttempts to prevent such behaviour in seven industrialised democracies. Case study chapters are included for the UK, the US, Canada, Israel, France, Italy and Japan.

Historical writing about the middle years of the 1860s in British North America has focused almost exclusively on the Confederation movement and the theme of nation-building. As a consequence, scholars have largely overlooked one of the most successful extra-parliamentary movements of common people in the history of North America, which flourished in Prince Edward Island during those very years. The Tenant League produced a highly compelling history, in that it played a decisive role in undermining the leasehold system of land tenure that Britain had imposed a century earlier. Through an exhaustive study of period documents, Ian Ross Robertson examines the origins, the modus operandi, and the impact of this organization. In doing so, he has illuminated a rich part of Canadian history.