New Releases by Hal Foster

Japan opened its exclusive press clubs, or kisha clubs, to foreign journalists in the summer of 1993. The club system had long been accused of fostering government management of the news, so both Japanese and non-Japanese critics of the clubs expressed hope that the presence of foreign reporters would lead to Japanese reporters being less reluctant to take on the establishment. This paper contends the critics' hopes will be dashed--for four reasons.

In The Return of the Real Hal Foster discusses the development of art and theory since 1960, and reorders the relation between prewar and postwar avant-gardes. Opposed to the assumption that contemporary art is somehow belated, he argues that the avant-garde returns to us from the future, repositioned by innovative practice in the present. And he poses this retroactive model of art and theory against the reactionary undoing of progressive culture that is pervasive today. After the models of art-as-text in the 1970s and art-as-simulacrum in the 1980s, Foster suggests that we are now witness to a return to the real—to art and theory grounded in the materiality of actual bodies and social sites. If The Return of the Real begins with a new narrative of the historical avant-gard, it concludes with an original reading of this contemporary situation—and what it portends for future practices of art and theory, culture and politics.

Surrealism has long been seen as its founder, André Breton,wanted it to be seen: as amovement of love and liberation. In Compulsive Beauty, Foster reads surrealism from its other,darker side: as an art given over to the uncanny, to the compulsion to repeat and the drive towarddeath.To this end Foster first restages the difficult encounter of surrealism with Freudianpsychoanalysis, then redefines the crucial categories of surrealism - the marvelous, convulsivebeauty, objective chance - in terms of the Freudian uncanny,or the return of familar things madestrange by repression. Next, with the art of Giorgio de Chirico, Max Ernst, and Alberto Giacomettiin mind, Foster develops a theory of the surrealist image as a working over of a primal fantasy.This leads him finally to propose as a summa of surrealism a body of work often shunted to itsmargins: the dolls of Hans Bellmer, so many traumatic tableaux that point to difficult connectionsnot only between sadism and masochism butal so between surrealism and fascism.At this pointCompulsive Beauty turns to the social dimension of the surrealist uncanny. First Foster reads thesurrealist repertoire of automatons and mannequins as a reflection on the uncanny processes ofmechanization and commodification. Then he considers the surrealist use of outmoded images as anattempt to work through the historical repression effected by these same processes. In a briefconclusion he discusses the fate of surrealism today ina world become surrealistic.Compulsive Beautynot only offers a deconstructive reading of surrealism, long neglected by Anglo-American arthistory, it also participates in a postmodern reconsideration of modernism, the dominant accounts ofwhich have obscured its involvements in desire and trauma, capitalist shock and technologicaldevelopment.Hal Foster is Associate Professor of Art History and Comparative Literature at CornellUniversity. He is an editor of the journal OCTOBER.

A Village Voice Best Book, a "lucid and provocative work...that allows us to glimpse the stirrings and upheavals in the hothouse of modern art". Copyright © Libri GmbH. All rights reserved.

In all the arts a war is being waged between modernists and postmodernists. Radicals have tended to side with the modernists against the forces of conservatism. Postmodern Culture is a break with this tendency. Its contributors propose a postmodernism of resistance - an aesthetic that rejects hierarchy and celebrates diversity. Ranging from architecture, sculpture and painting to music, photography and film, this collection is now recognised as a seminal text on the postmodernism debate.The essays are by Hal Foster, Jrgen Habermas, Kenneth Frampton, Rosalind Krauss, Douglas Crimp, Craig Owens, Gregory L. Ulmer, Fredric Jameson, Jean Baudrillard, and Edward W. Said.